Ammonia in a fish tank — causes and fixes

Any ammonia above zero in a tank with fish is a warning. At 0.25 ppm, change 30–50% of the water with dechlorinated water at the same temperature and feed less. At 1 ppm or more, change water now and again the next day. Then find the cause: usually an uncycled tank, overfeeding or a dead fish.

What your reading means

0 ppmNormal in a cycled tank
0.25 ppmChange 30–50%, feed less
1 ppm+Urgent: change water now

Common causes

  1. The tank isn't cycled yet. Normal in the first weeks. See how to cycle.
  2. Too much food. Feed what fish finish in a minute or two.
  3. Something died. Check behind decor and plants.
  4. The filter was cleaned in tap water. Chlorine kills the bacteria. Rinse media in old tank water.
  5. Too many fish. Check your stocking.
How much water to changeOpen the calculator →

Questions

What are the signs of ammonia poisoning?
Fish gasping at the surface, red or inflamed gills, lethargy, clamped fins. Test right away; you can't see ammonia.
Does a water conditioner remove ammonia?
Some conditioners bind ammonia for about a day, which can buy time, but they don't remove it. Water changes do.

General information, not veterinary advice. Updated November 2026.